Control Efficacy Validation: Defining a Missing Layer in Enterprise Assurance, Part 2 — Defining Control Efficacy Validation

Part 1 of this white paper series argued that traditional assurance evidence—vulnerability assessments, penetration tests, and red team exercises—was never designed to prove that deployed security controls continue to perform as intended, leaving a distinct gap in enterprise assurance.

This second part turns from the problem to the discipline itself: why rigorous, repeatable validation was historically impractical, and what Control Efficacy Validation (CEV) actually involves.